Channel Frequency Modulation Power Bandwidth
S-VISSR 1687.5 MHz PCM/BPSK, NRZ-M 57 dBm 2 MHz
LR-Wefax 1691.0 MHz AM/FM 57 dBm 260 kHz
S-Fax 1699.5 MHz AM/FM 46 dBm 26 kHz
Table 3: Some downlink characteristics of FY-2A
FY-2 series communication: The FY-2 satellites broadcast their data to the ground, this includes S-VISSR, WEFAX and S-FAX data. S-VISSR data are received at MDUS, while WEFAX and S-Fax (domestic use only) data are retransmitted to SDUS stations only. The S-FAX link transmits processed satellite image data, other weather data and administrative information via S-band to domestic users in China.
Digital and cloud map transponder: Frequency: 1.7/2.0 GHz; EIRP (dBw) original cloud map and stretched cloud map: 57.5; EIRP (dBw) weather map broadcast: 46. The data rate of S-VISSR is 660 kbit/s, the modulation is: PCM/BPSK, NRZ-M, polarization: linear, bandwidth = 2 MHz. Since the signal characteristics of the S-VISSR instrument data are the same as those of the VISSR instrument of the Japanese GMS series (except the frequency), the user stations receiving GMS VISSR data are also capable of receiving S-VISSR data, simply by changing the antenna pointing and frequency of the receiver local oscillator.
Meteorological Satellite Frequencies
Last update : 21 July 2010 - COMS-1 HRIT & LRIT links
MTSAT 1R GOES-N series NOAA TERRA
FY-2C&D GOES-R Series FY1
AQUA
GMS 5 METEOSAT 5, 6 & 7 FY-3 AURA
SMS/GOES 1-3
MSG-1 METEOR NPP
GOES 4-7 ELEKTRO DMSP
NPOESS
GOES 8-12 COMS METOP-1, -2 & -3
Status of current and planned meteorological satellites - WMO/CGMS
MTSAT-1R Standby at 140° East, launched 26/2/2005
MTSAT-2Operational 1 July 2010 at 145° East, launched 18/2/2006
Service Downlink (MHz) EIRP (+dBm) Uplink (MHz) Modulation Notes
DCPI-1 Spare
DCPI-2 Common
DCPI-3 Regional
468.875
468.883
468.924
44.0 2034.925
2034.933
2034.974
PCM/BiØ-L/PSK
DCP Interrogation, 100 bps, ±60° MI
IMAGER 1677.0 3W
PCM/QPSK 2.62 Mbps
HiRID*
1687.1 55.0 2029.1 PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK
660 kbps
HRIT 1687.1 55.0 2029.1 PCM/NRZ-M/QPSK 3.5 Msps, 50% RRC
WEFAX* 1691.0 53.5 2033.0 AM/FM 2.4kHz SC, ΔF±126kHz, 260kHz BW
LRIT 1691.0 53.5 2033.0 PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK 150 ksps, 50% RRC
DCPR 1694.3-1694.7
402.0-402.4 PCM/PSK 33 international+100 regional chs @ 3kHz
CMD
2034.20 PCM(NRZ-L)/BPSK/PM 250 bps BPSK on 16 kHz SC, PM MI 1.0
TLM 1694.0 37.5 ±0.5
PCM/BiØ-L/PM 4800 bps TDM, ±60° MI.
8 bits/word, 256 word/minor frame,
32 minor frames/major frame.
Minor frame sync FAF320 hex, MSB first
USB CMD
2100.162
USB TLM 2280.721 27.5
Ku CMD
13.75-14.5 GHz
Ku TLM 10.7-12.75 GHz
MSAS GIC
PRN 129 and 137
1575.42
11.69792 GHz
43.0
13.75792 GHz BPSK
GNSS Intergrity Channel 250 bps R½ FEC
GIC Ku Feeder
CNS/ATM 1545-1555
1646.5-1656.5
AMSS R,T,C & P AES<->S/C
Ku link 10.7-12.75 GHz
13.75-14.5 GHz
AMSS feeder & GES<->GMS/MRS
Ka link 17.7-21.20 GHz
27-31 GHz
AMSS feeder & GES<->GMS/MRS
MTSAT Technical Information
MTSAT Transponder Plan
*MTSAT HiRID and WEFAX services ceased on 12 March 2008
Feng Yun 2 series
FY-2 destroyed in fuelling accident before launch, 4 April 1994
FY-2A launched 10 June 1997, DBA failure April 1998, re-orbited April 2000
FY-2B launched 25 June 2000, reduced EIRP October 2001, re-orbited October 2004
FY-2C launched 19 October 2004, operational at105° East
FY-2D launched 8 December 2006, operational at 86.5° East
FY-2E launched 23 December 2008, in-orbit testing at 123.5° East
FY-2F 2011
FY-2G 2013
Service Downlink (MHz) EIRP (+dBm) Uplink (MHz) Modulation Notes
DCPI 468.860
468.866
2062.860
2062.866 PCM/PSK/PM
PCM/PSK/PM DCP Interrogation
VISSR 1681.6
QPSK 14 Mbps
TARS 1 1684.5
2044.5 AM/PM
TARS 2 1686.5
2046.5 AM/PM
SV 1687.5 57 2047.5 PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK 660 kbps
MRS 1690.5
2050.5 AM/PM
LRIT 1691.0 57 2051.0 CCSDS/NRZ-M/BPSK 150 kSps
CMD
2057.0 PCM/FSK-AM/FM
TLM 1702.5 42
PCM/DPSK
FM/PM
FSK/PM
32kHZ SCO,PCM tlm, 2000 bps NRZ-M, BPSK
75 kHz SCO - Sun Pulse
162-168 kHz SCO - Real Time Telemetry
DCPR Regional
DCPR Common
1709.0-1709.4
1709.9-1710.0
401.1-401.5
402.0-402.1
PCM/PSK
PCM/PSK 165 ch @ 3kHz
33 ch @ 3kHz
S band CMD
2095.08
2108.34
2099.50
S band TLM
2275.20
2289.50
2280.00
C band TLM 4169.88
4192.02
PM
PM
C Band CMD
5926.00
5964.88 FM
FM
COMS - Korean Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite
COMS-1 (Chollian) 26 June 2010 at 128.2° East
COMS-2 2015 116.2° or 128.2° East
Service Downlink
EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
Meteorological Imager (MI)
1687 MHz
5 Channel (Vis, SWIR, WV, IR1, IR2)
10 bit data
Vis - 1 km resolution
IR - 4 km resolution
Full earth disk coverage in 25 mins
Geostationary Ocean Colour Imager (GOCI)
1687 MHz
8 vis channels, 412-865 nm,
11 bit data
Spatial resolution 500 x 500 m
Coverage- 2500 x 2500 km, centred on Korea
8 observations/day
Ka-band Transponder 18.3-20.7 GHz 58 dBW EOC 27.5-30.8 GHz
3 x 0.6° spot beams over Korea and China
4 x 100 MHz BW channels
HRIT 1695.400 MHz
2040.900 MHz
Processed Data
LRIT 1692.140 MHz
2037.640 MHz
Processed Data
Telemetry
2271.600 MHz
CCSDS TM
Command
2091.765 MHz
CCSDS TC
Ranging
2271.600 MHz
2091.765 MHz Coherent PM
ESA Tone Range, FDown/FUp ratio = 240/221
GMS series
GMS Launched 14 July 1977
GMS-2 Launched 11 August 1981
GMS-3 Launched 3 August 1984
GMS-4 Launched 6 September 1989
GMS-5 Launched 21 March 1995, decommissioned 21 July 2005
Service
Downlink (MHz)
EIRP (+dBm)
Downlink (MHz)
Modulation
Notes
DCPI Spare
DCPI Common
DCPI Regional
468.875
468.883
468.924
46.0 2034.925
2034.933
2034.974
PCM/PSK
100 bps
VISSR 1681.6 56.5
QPSK 14 Mbps
MRS 1684.0 44.0 2026.0 AM/PM 200 KHz
SV 1687.1 56.5 2029.1 BPSK 660 Kbps
TARS 1 1688.2
2030.2 AM/PM 200 KHz
TARS 2 1690.2
2032.2 AM/PM 200 KHz
WEFAX 1691.0 56.5 2033.0 AM/FM 260kHz bandwidth
CMD
2034.2 PCM/FSK-AM/PM 128 bps
TLM 1694.0 40.0
PCM/PSK/PM,FM/PM,FSK/PM 250 bps
DCP Common
DCP Regional
1694.3-1694.4
1694.4-1694.7
34.0
34.0
402.0-402.1
402.1-402.4
PCM/PSK
PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3kHz
100 ch @ 3kHz
SAR 1698.35 34.0 406.01-406.09 PCM/PSK
USB CMD
2100.164 PCM/FSK-AM/PM
USB RNG 2280.721 27.5 2100.164 AM/PM
USB TLM 2280.721 27.5
PCM/PSK/PM,FM/PM,FSK/PM
SMS series (Built by Philco-Ford with electronically despun antennas)
SMS-1(SMS-A)Launched 17 May 1974, deactivated 21 January 1981
SMS-2(SMS-B)Launched6 February 1975, deactivated 5 August 1981
GOES-1 (GOES-A) Launched 16 October 1975, deactivated 3 February 1985
GOES-2 (GOES-B) Launched 16 June 1977, deactivated 26 January 1979, used by NSF from 1995 to May 2001
GOES-3 (GOES-C) Launched 10 June 1978, deactivated 5 March 1981, now used by NSF for Antarctic comms at 102°W
Service Downlink (MHz) EIRP (+dBm) Uplink (MHz) Modulation Notes
DCP Interrogate
468.825
43.9
2034.9
PCM/PSK 100 bps, Coded Address and Timecode
VISSR 1681.6 58.8
QPSK Mode 1 28 Mbps 8 ½ nm Vis + 2 IR
Mode 2 14 Mbps 4 1 nm Vis + 2 IR
Stretched VISSR
1687.1 57.3
2029.1 BPSK Mode A ½ nm Vis 1.75 Mbps, IR 525 kbps
Mode B 1 nm Vis437 kbps, IR 525 kbps
Mode C 4 nm Vis33.3 kbps, IR 525 kbps
Mode D 4x2nm 525kbps+4x4 nm IR only 33.3k
WEFAX 1691.0 57.3
2033.0 AM/FM Video fmax 1.6kHz, AM Subcarrier 2.4 khz,
FM deviation (ΔF) ±26kHz, IF BW 60 kHz
Ranging
1684.0
1688.2
1690.2
2026.0
2030.2
2032.2
AM/PM
TRRR MRS at CDAS, Wallops Island, Va.
TARSs at Ascension Island, Santiago, Ouha, Hawaii & Seattle.
136.38
148.56
NASA STADAN VHF GRARR
Command 2034.2 PCM/FSK-AM/PM Three tone, modified OGO encoder
148.56
PCM/FSK-AM/PM
Telemetry 1694.0 44.9
PCM/BiØ-M/PM
FM/PM
FSK/PM PCM: 64 9-bits word at 188 bps
IRIG-B: Sun Pulse and Angle, command execute verfication, selected earth sensor
Gated 70 kHz Sun Pulse
136.38
8Wnormal
2Weclipse
PCM/BiØ-M/PM
FM/PM
FM/PM
PCM: 64 9-bits word at 188 bps
IRIG-12: Nutation sensor, Thruster valve activation, ABM ignition verfication
IRIG-B: Sun Pulse and Angle, command execute verfication, selected earth sensor
DCP Report 1694.5
17.1/ch 401.90
PCM/PSK 33 3kHz & 200 1.5kHz DCP channels over ± 200 kHz band
Synchronous Meteorological Satellite System Description Document, Volumes 1 & 2, NASA GSFC, Oct 1971
Central Processing and Analysis of Geostaionary Satellite Data, NOAA TM NESS 64, March 1975
GOES D-H series (Built by Hughes with mechanically de-spun S-band and UHF antennas)
GOES-4 (GOES-D) Launched 9 September 1980, deactived 26 November 1982
GOES-5 (GOES-E) Launched 22 May 1981, deactivated 30 July 1984
GOES-6 (GOES-F) Launched 28 April 1983, deactivated 21 January 1986
GOES-G Launch failure 3 May 1986
GOES-7 (GOES-H) Launched 26 Feb 1987, decommissioned 11 Jan 1996 now used by PEACESAT at 175°W
Service Downlink (MHz) EIRP (+dBm) Uplink (MHz) Modulation Notes
DCPI Spare
DCPI (GOES-W)
DCPI (GOES-E) 468.8125
468.8250
468.8375
2034.8625
2034.8750
2034.8875
PCM/PSK
SAR
406
VAS 1681.6
QPSK 28/14 Mbps
MRS 1684.0
2026.0 AM/PM
TARS 1 1688.2
2030.2 AM/PM
TARS 2 1690.2
2032.2 AM/PM
Stretched VAS 1687.1
2029.1 BPSK Mode AA 8x6b Vis + 2x10b IR @ 1.75 Mbps
Mode AAA 11 blocks @ 2.11 Mbps
WEFAX 1691.0
2033.0 AM/FM
CMD 2034.2
TLM 1694.0
DCP Common 1694.3-1694.4 402.0-402.1 PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3 kHz
DCP Regional 1694.4-1694.7 402.1-402.4 PCM/PSK 200 ch @ 1.5 kHz
GOES I-M series (Space Systems Loral, three axis stabilized)
GOES-8(GOES-I) Launched 13 April 1994, decommissioned5 May2004
GOES-9(GOES-J) Launched 23 May 1995, decommissioned 14 June 2007
GOES-10 (GOES-K) Launched 25 April 1997, currently GOES-South America at 60° West
GOES-11 (GOES-L) Launched 3 May 2000, currently GOES-West at 135° West
GOES-12 (GOES-M) Launched 23 July 2001, currently GOES-East at 75° West
Service Downlink (MHz) EIRP (+dBm) Uplink Modulation Notes
DCPI (Spare)
DCPI (GOES-W)
DCPI (GOES-E) 468.8125
468.8250
468.8375
45.4 RHCP
2034.8875
2034.9000
2034.9125
PCM/SP-C/PSK 100 bps Interrogation
Time Code ceased 31/7/2005
SAR 1544.5 45.4 RHCP
406.025 & .050 PCM/PSK 400 bps
SENSOR DATA 1676.0 47.3 Lin
NRZ-S/UAQPSK
I:Q = 6 dB I : Imager 2.62 Mbps
Q : Sounder 40 Kbps
MDL 1681.48 45.2 Lin
NRZ-S/UAQPSK
I:Q = 6 dB (GOES-I & K) I : ADM 32 kbps TDM
(GOES-M onwards) Q : SXI 100 kbps CCSDS
PDR
1685.7 54.9 Lin
2027.7 PCM/NRZ-S/BPSK GVAR 12 blocks @ 2.11 Mbps
EMWIN 1690.6 44.4 Lin
2032.6 AFSK 1200 bps (dis-continued)
EMWIN-I 1690.725 44.4 Lin
2032.725 BPSK 9600 bps FEC
LRIT
1691.0
48.2 Lin
2033.0
PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK
293 ksps, encoded CADUs at 128 kbps
WEFAX
1691.0 54.4 Lin
2033.0 AM/FM 26 kHz IF BW (WEFAX ceased Oct 2005)
CMD 2034.2 PCM/BPSK/PM 250 bps PSK on 16 kHz sc
TLM 1694.0 28.9 Lin
PCM/BiØ-L/PM 2000 bps
±60°PM mod index 1 rad
8 bits/word; 128 word/minor frame
Minor frame sync FAF320 hex, MSB first
DCPR Pilot
DCPR Band 1
DCPR Band 2 1694.45
1694.5 to
1694.8 33.7 RHCP
401.85
401.9 to
402.2
AFC reference for DCP demodulation
233 ch 100 bps PCM/PSK
DSN-A Normal
DSN-B Dwell 2209.086
2208.586 24.5 RHCP
24.5 RHCP
2000 bps PCM/BiØ-L/BPSK/PM on 1.024 MHz SC
DSN ranging 2209.086 17.2 2034.2 PM ranging tones
GOES N,O,P series (Boeing, three axis stabalized)
GOES-13 (GOES-N) 24 May 2006
GOES-14 (GOES-O) 27 June 2009
GOES-15 (GOES-P) 4 February 2010
Service
Downlink (MHz)
EIRP (+dBm)
Uplink
Modulation
Notes
DCPI
468.8125
468.8250
468.8375
45.5
RHCP
2034.8875
2034.9000
2034.9125
PCM/SP-C/PSK 100 bps Interrogation
±60° PSK
SAR
1544.5
45
RHCP
406.050
406.025
PCM/BiØ-L/PM
400 bps 1.1±0.1 MI
Sensor Data
1676.0
?
Linear NS
QPSK
4:1
Imager 2.62 Mbps
Sounder 40 kbps
MDL
1681.478
?
Linear NS
QPSK
SXI
ADS
PDR
1685.7
?
Linear NS
BPSK
2.11 Mbps GVAR
EMWIN-N
1692.7
44.8 Linear
2034.7
PCM/NRZ-L/OQPSK
35940 ksps, 19200 bps CCSDS coding
LRIT
1691.0
?
Linear NS
PCM/NRZ-M/BPSK
293 kbps coded
CDA Command
2034.2
PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK/PM
2000 bps 16 khz subcarrier, 1 rad PM
CDA Telemetry
1694.0
?
Linear NS
PCM/BiØ-L/PM 4000 bps operational
1000 bps contingentcy
DCPR
domestic
international
1694.5
1694.8
46
Linear NS
401.9±0.2
402.2±0.2 100 bps - ±60° PSK
300 bps - 8PSK
1200 bps - 8PSK
1.5 kHz channel - 100 and 300 bps
3.0 kHz channels- 1200 bps
DSN Telemetry
2209.086
?
Omni
PCM/BiØ-L/BPSK/PM
4000 bps operational
1000 bps contingentcy
1024 kHz subcarrier
1 rad PM MI
DSN Ranging
2209.086
2034.2
Phase Coherent ratio of 240/221
DSN Command
2034.2
PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK/PM 2000 bps 16 khz subcarrier, 1 rad PM
GOES-R series. (December 2014)
Service
Downlink (MHz)
EIRP (+dBm)
Uplink (MHz)
Modulation
Notes
DCPI (Spare)
DCPI (GOES-E)
DCPI (GOES-W)
468.8125
468.8250
468.8375
43
RHCP
2034.8125
2034.8250
2034.8375
BPSK
2400 bps
SAR
1544.5
406
GRB
GOES ReBroadcast
1690.2
?
Dual circular polarization
7512.5
GMSK
17 to 24 Mbps
Bandwidth 12 MHz
EMWIN
1695.7
43 Linear
2037.7
NRZ-L/OQPSK
256 bps R1/2 RS (255,233, 4)
LRIT
1696.4
Linear NS
2048.2
NRZ-M/QPSK
585 ksps, 256 kbps
DCPR
1697.5
1697.8
Linear NS
401.9
402.2
8PSK
300 or 1200 bps, Trellis coded
Telemetry
L-band
1672.0
1673.0
NRZ-M
32 kbps - on orbit mode
4 kbps - safe hold made
FEC Rate 7/8 and RS (252, 220, 4)
USB Telemetry
2209.086
NRZ-L/BPSK/PM
32 kbps - on orbit mode
4 kbps - safe hold mode
FEC R7/8, RS(252,220,4)
BPSK on 1024 kHz sub-carrier
PM MI 1 radian
USB Command
Linear NS
2034.2
NRZ-L/BPSK/PM
1000 bps - safe hold mode
32 kbps - on-orbit mode
?? Kbps - ABI/HES memory upload
CLTU 64 bit 56 data + 8 bit BCH FEC
BPSK on 16 kHz sub-carrier
USB Ranging
2209.086
2034.2
221/240 frequency ratio
ELEKTRO N1 (GOMS) Launched 31 October 1994, decommissioned at 76.5° East
Service Downlink (MHz)
EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
STR+HGI (raw) 1685.0 & 7465.0
2.56 Mbps
WEFAX 1691.0
2115 & 8155
AM/FM or 1200 bps
DCPR 1697.0 & 7482.0
401-403
100 bps 33 int/100 reg
DCPI 469
2119
RPC 7465.0
8190
0.96 Mbps
METEOSAT series
Meteosat-5 63° E
Meteosat-6 10° W
Meteosat-7 57° E
Service Downlink (MHz)
EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
DCPI Common
DCPI Regional
468.875
468.925
2097.975
2098.025
RAW 1686.33 2.7 Mbps PCM(SPL)/PM
WEFAX 1691.0
1694.5
2101.5
2105.0
AM/FM
AM/FM
HR DIGITAL (A1)
HR DIGITAL (A2)
1691.0
1694.5
+50.5
+49.0
2101.5
2105.0
166 Kbps PCM(SPL)/PM
166 Kbps PCM(SPL)/PM
MDD CH 1
MDD CH 2
MDD CH 3
MDD CH 4
1695.6438
1695.7250
1695.7562
1695.7874
PCM/PM/SPL
PCM/PM/SPL
PCM/PM/SPL
PCM/PM/SPL
DCPR Common
DCPR Regional 1675.18-1675.28
1675.28-1675.38 402.0-402.1
402.1-402.2 PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3 kHz
PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3 kHz
CMD 2098.0 PSK/AM/FM
TLM 1675.929
1676.180
PSK/PM
RNG 1691.0
1694.5
2242.6
MSG (Meteosat Second Generation)
Meteosat-8 Launched 28/08/2002
Meteosat-9 Launched 21/12/2005
Meteosat-10 ?
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
DCPI Common
DCPI Regional
468.875
468.925
2097.975
2098.025
TBC
TBC
SEVIRI & GERB 1686.33
PCM/SPL/PM 3.2 Mbps
HRIT 1695.15 +49.4 2106.0 PCM/NRZ-L/QPSK 2.24 Mbps
LRIT 1691.00 +46.7 2101.5 PCM/NRZ-L/BPSK 290 Kbps
DCPR Common
DCPR Regional 1675.18-1675.28
1675.28-1675.38
402.0-402.1
402.1-402.2 PCM/PSK
PCM/PSK 33 ch @ 3 KHz TBC
33 ch @ 3 KHz TBC
CMD
2098.0
2242.6 PSK/AM/FM TBC
TLM 1675.929
1676.180
PSK/PM TBC
RNG 1691.0
1694.5
TBC
The LRIT and HRIT service include the MDD and DC&R service
The LRIT and HRIT services are not operational on Meteosat-8 due to SSPA failures - Replaced by EUMETSATCast
Polar Meteorological Satellite Frequencies
DMSP Operational Scanline System (OLS) + up to 12 Special Sensors
Uplink 1791.749 MHz (TT&C command uplink) SGLS channel 8 , 256:205 coherent phase ratio with EST downlink
Downlinks 2207.5 MHz
2222.5 MHz
2237.5 MHz EST
2252.5 MHz
2267.5 MHz
400.328 MHz RDS service only
400.822 MHz RDS service only
Services All services are encrypted but RTD transmitted in the clear south of 60 degress South latitude.
SDF, SDS and EST are transmitted only when over CRS.
RTD (Real Time Data) 1.024 Mbps BPSK one channel fine (0.3 nm) and one channel smooth (1.5 nm)
RDS (Realtime Data Smooth) 177.5 kbps BPSK Thermal and Light Smooth data Rate 1/2 Convolution Encoded
SDF (Stored Data, Fine) 1.3312 Mbps Limited storage for tactical use
SDS (Stored Data, Fine) 2.6624 Mbps Multi-orbit strategic global storage Transmitted as RDS
EST (Equipment Status Telemetry) 2, 10 or 60 kbps PSK
FY-1 A & B CHRPT - 1695.50 or 1704.50 MHz
APT - 137.035 or 137.795 MHz
FY-1 C & D CHRPT - 1700.4 and 1704.5 MHz at +39.4 dBm RHCP (10 channels at 1.3308 Mbps)Global coverage
CDPT - Delayed Picture Transmission 4 channels at 4 km res on 1708.5 and 1695.5 MHz (Over China only)
APT not available from FY-1C or D
FY-1C destroyed by a anti-satellite missle test in Jan 2007
FY-3 series
FY-3A launched 27 May 2008
FY-3B 2010, FY-3C 2013, FY-3D 2015, FY-3E 2017, FY-3F 2019, FY-3G 2021
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
HRPT
High Resolution Picture Transmission
Global coverage
1704.5 41 dBm
QPSK
2.8 Msym/sec
4.2 Mbps R3/4 CCSDS
MPT
Mission Picture Transmission
Program controlled coverage
Transparent or Encrypted modes
7775
46 dBm
QPSK
18.7 Mbps R1/2 CCSDS
DPT
Delayed Picture Transmission
Over China only
8145.95
QPSK
93 Mbps. R 3/4 Replayed of stored orbit data
Command 2025-2110
Telemetry
2200-2290
Ranging 2025-2110
2200-2290
Reference: Aijun Zhu, NMSC CMA, 2006 Direct Broadcast Meeting, Poster
Meteor 2-21
Resurs O1-N4
Meteor 3-5 VIS APT only on 137.15, 137.30, 137.40 or 137.85 MHz
None of these spacecraft are currently operating
Meteor-M N1
Launched 17 September 2009
HRPT - 1700 MHz 665 kbps PSK, CCSDS-like 256 byte packet, 4 byte ASM,6 byte header,244 bytes of 10-bit data, 2 byte PEC.No PN code.
LRPT - 137.10 MHz 72 ksps QPSK, Rate ½, k=7, CCSDS, SCID=0, VCID=5, 3 of APID=64-69 (MSU-MR ch 1-5) + 70 (cal).
NOAA-D (12)
NOAA-I (13) NOAA Failure Report
NOAA-J (14)
NOAA-KLM(15,16,17)
NOAA-N & N' (18 and 19)
Downlinks
Current Future
TELEMETRY
Beacon 136.77
137.77 137.35 from NOAA-15
137.77
APT 137.50
137.62 137.1000 from NOAA-18
137.9125 from NOAA-18
ADCS TXU - DCP command or
interrogate transmitter
465.9875 on NOAA-N'
HRPT 1698.0 up to NOAA-N'
1707.0 up to NOAA-N'
1700.0 from NPOESS
1706.5 from NPOESS
LAC/GAC 1698.0 up to NOAA-N'
1702.5 up to NOAA-N'
1707.0 up to NOAA-N' 1700.0 from NPOESS
7450-8400 from NPOESS
1706.5 from NPOESS
SAR 1544.5
TELEMETRY
BOOST 2247.5 (from NOAA-15)
Launch boost phase telemetry transmission from TIP at 16.64 Kbps
Uplinks
COMMAND 148.56 (to N-14)
1000 bps Ternary FSK/AM (8, 10 & 12 KHz subcarriers)
2026.0 (from NOAA-15)
DCS 401.65
SARR 121.5, 243.0 & 406.05 Only 406 MHz supported
SARP 406.025 from 1 Februay 2009
METOP series.
METOP-A Launched 19 October 2006
METOP-B (April 2011)
METOP-C (October 2016)
AHRPT
Convolutional coding
Modulation
RF Bandwidth
RF Symbol Rate
Bit Rate
RF frequency R=3/4, k=7, no G.2 path symbol inversion
QPSK, Gray code
4.5 MHz
2.33 MSymbols per second
3.5 Mbps at CVCDU level
1701.3000 MHz(Primary)& 1707.0 MHz(Secondary)
LRPT Convolutional coding
Differential coding interleaving
Modulation
RF Symbol Rate
RF Bandwidth
Bit Rate
RF frequency R=1/2, k=7, no G.2 path symbol inversion
64 branches, elementary delay is 256
QPSK Gray encoded, square root raised cosine filtering, alpha = 0.6
80 kSymbols per second
150 kHz
75 kbps at CVCDU level
137.1000 MHz(Primary) & 137.9125 MHz(Secondary)
Science
Data X-band to Svalbard (N) only 70 Mbps QPSK at 7750-7900 MHz band
Command
2053.4 MHz 2000 bps NRZ/PSK/PM
Telemetry
2230.0 MHz 4096 bps SP-L/PSK/PM
METOP-A AHRPT Direct Readout Technical Description Document TD18
AHRPT on only over Europe and North Alantic Ocean
LRPT A-side transmitter failed soon after launch, B-side transmitter has been off since 25/1/2007 due to RFI with HIRS/4 instrument.
TERRA (EOS AM-1) Launched 18 December 1999
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
DB - Direct
Broadcast 8212.5 I:33
Q:42
RHCP
NRZ-M
OQPSK I:Q = 1:4 I: un-supported.
Q: Convolutional encoded
MODIS CADUs 13.125 Mbps
SMD - Science Mission Data 15 GHz
OQPSK I:Q = 1:1 150 Mbps primary downlink via TDRSS HGA
2 x 75 Mbps, bit-interleaved on I & Q
Telemetry 2287.5
PCM/NRZ-M/BiØ-S/PSK/PM
PCM/NRZ-M/BiØ-S/PM
PCM/NRZ-M/BiØ-S/PM 16 Kbps Real Time HouseKeeping CVCDUs
PSK (ß 0.8) on 1.024 MHz sub carrier
PM (ß 1.0) on RF carrier
16 Kbps SCC Dump
PM (ß 1.0) on RF carrier
256 or 512 Kbps Playback of stored HK
PM (ß 1.0) on RF carrier
Command Primary TDRSS SSA to HGA
2106.40625 PCM/BPSK/PM 1K or 10Kbps NRZ-M CLTU
BPSK on 16 KHz sub carrier
PM ±0.7 rad on RF
Command BackupPGS to Omni
2106.40625 PCM/BPSK/PM 2000 bps NRZ-M CLTU
BPSK on 16 KHz sub carrier
PM ±0.7 rad on RF
Command
Contingency
TDRSS SSA to Omni
2106.40625 PCM/BPSK/PM 125 bps NRZ-M CLTU
BPSK on 16 KHz sub carrier
PM ±0.7 rad on RF
Ranging 2287.5
2106.40625
240/221 Phase Coherent
Command and Telemetry from/to TDRSS (Primary), 11.3m Polar Ground Stations (Backup) (Fairbanks, Alaska and Longyearbyen, Svalbard) or Wallops Is (contingency) via spacecraft Zenith and Nadir Omni antennae
Convolutional Encoding - CCSDS parameters: R=½ k=7, G2 inverted
CADUs are CCSDS VDCU with Reed-Solomon Error Correction (255,233,4)
CLTU CCSDS Command Link Transmission Unit
HGA High Gain Antenna
TDRSS Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
SSA S-band Single Access
SMA S-band Multiple Access
KSA Ku-band Single Access: R=½ k=7, G2 inverted
CADU are CCSDS VDCU with Reed-Solomon Error Correction (255,233,4)
CLTU CCSDS Command Link Transmission Unit
AQUA (EOS PM-1) Launched 4 May 2002
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
DB
Direct
Broadcast 8160.0 >44
RHCP
SQPSK
I:Q = 1:1
I: 7.5 Msps
Q: 7.5 Msps
15 Mbps NRZ-L RS encoded CCSDS bit interleaved on I and Q
SMD Playback
8160.0 44
RHCP
SQPSK 150 Mbps(over PGS)
Telemetry to PGS/WGS
Primary 2287.5
QPSK I: LRC Low Rate Channel
16.384 Kbps RT HK
Q: HRC High Rate channel
524.288 kbps PB HK, controller data dump or fill
Telemetry to TDRSS Secondary 2287.5
QPSK 1.024 (MA) or 4.096 kbps (SSA) RT HK Convolut. encoded, RS coded NRZ-L CCSDS same data on I & Q recombined on ground to increase link margin
Command via PGS Primary
2106.40625 PCM/BPSK/PM
2000 bps BPSK on 16KHz sub carrier
PM MI ±1rad
Command via SN Secondary
2106.40625 PCM/BPSK/PM 125 (MA)/250/500/1000 bps (SSA) BPSK on 16kHz sub carrier
PM MI ±1rad
Ranging 2287.5
2106.40625
240/221 Phase Coherent
AURA (EOS-Chem) Launched 15 July 2004
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
SMD (Playback)
8160.0
SQPSK 150 Mbps CCSDS NRZ-M (over PGS only)
Command
2106.40625 PCM/BPSK/PM 2000 bps BPSK on 16 kHz sub carrier, PM (±1rad)
Telemetry 2287.5
16.384 and or 524.288 kbps
Ranging 2287.5
2106.40625
240/221 Phase Coherent
NPP (23 September 2011)
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
SMD to PGS
to TDRSS 8212.5
15003.4 SQPSK
SQPSK 300 Mbps
150 Mbps
HRD DB
High Rate Data
DirectBroadcast 7812.0 42.8
RHCP
QPSK
I:Q = 1:1 15 Mbps NRZ-M Viterbi Compression
I = G1, Q = Inverted G2, K=7, R=½
Telemetry
PGS Primary 2247.5
1 kbps RT Critical
4 kbps RT H&S
16 & 32 kbps RT HK
512 kbps PB HK
Telememtry
TDRSS Secondary 2247.5
1 kbps RT Critical
4 kbps RT H&S
16 kbps RT H&S
Command
PGS Primary
2067.270833
2000 bps or 128 kbps
Command
TDRSS Secondary
2067.270833
125 bps or 1000 bps
GSFC 429-01-07-01 November 9 2001
NPP CDRL 040 2003 September 30 (Ball Aerospace and Technologies Commercial Space Operations)
NPOESS series (NPOESS-C1 5/2014, -C2 5/2016, -C3 2020 & -C4 2022)
Service Downlink EIRP Uplink Modulation Notes
SMD Science Mission Data 25,650
150 Mbps To 15 World-wide 'SafetyNet' Ground Stations
HRD High Rate Data Direct Broadcast 7834
RHCP
SQPSK
I:Q = 1:1
SRRC 0.5
20 Mbps CCSDSFull SMD from CMIS, CriS & VIIRS
LRD Low Rate Data Direct Broadcast 1707.0
RHCP
SQPSK NRZ-M
I:Q = 1:1
SRRC 0.5
3.88 MSps (7.76 Mbps) AHRPT/CCSDS format
I = G1, Q = Inverted G2, K=7, R=½
Subset of CMIS, CriS & VIIRS SMD
Telemetry 2245.0
GN USB 1, 4 or 16 kbps RT, 512 kbps PB
SN S-band 1, 4 or 16 kbps RT
Command
2067.3
GN S-band 2 or 100 kbps
SN S-band 125 or 1000 bps
NPOESS Direct Readout HRD and LRD RF link characteristics (Wolejsza, March 2008)
Digital weather satellites.
NOAA polar satellites transmit APT (low resolution: 4km) and HRPT (max. 1km resolution)
Meteosat (Meteosat 7 and earlier) geostationar satellites transmits WEFAX (APT, low resolution) and HRI (PDUS, high resolution). NOTE: Meteosat 7 will terminate direct transmissions december 2005!
Meteosat new generation (Meteosat 8 and later) geostationar satellites transmits LRIT and HRIT
Seastar is a polar satellite transmitting HRPT only, with 8 channels. Amount of horizontal pixels is lowered from 2048 to 1288, to get the 8 channels into 1 HRPT frame.
With Seastar true-colored pictures can be received. Unfortunately, Seastar is currently encrypted.
Fengyun are Chinese satellitse, transmitting 10 channels HRPT. Transmit speed is twice HRPT rate; all 10 channels have same amount of pixels/resolution as NOAA's HRPT.
With Fengyun more or less true-colored pictures can be constructed.
Weather satellite pictures are often broadcast as High Resolution Picture Transmissions (HRPT), Color High Resolution Picture Transmissions (CHRPT) for Chinese Weather Satellite transmissions or Advanced High Resolution Picture Transmissions (AHRPT) for EUMETSAT Weather Satellite transmissions. HRPT transmissions are available around the world and are available from both polar and geostationary weather satellites. The polar satellites rotate in orbits that allow each location on earth to be covered by the weather satellite twice per day while the geostationary satellites remain in one location at the equator taking weather images of the earth from that location over the equator. The sensor on weather satellites that picks up HRPT is referred to as an Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR).
Broadcast Signal
The working frequency band for HRPT is L Band at 1,670-1,710 MHz and the modulation types are BPSK and QRSK. On NOAA KLM satellites the transmission power is 6.35 Watts at 38.03 dBm. The METOP-A satellite broadcasts with a bandwidth of 4.5 MHz.
Reception
In order to receive HRPT transmissions a high gain antenna is required, such as a small satellite dish, a helical antenna, or a crossed yagi. Basic reception equipment includes a parabolic dish antenna attached to a Azimuth-Elevation unit. The HRPT signal is further enhanced with a 1.7GHz pre-amplifier. An HRPT receiver unit and a dish tracking controller are required to steer the Azimuth-Elevation unit controlling the parabolic dish. Free software such as the DWDSAT HRPT Viewer V1.1.0 is available to decode the transmissions. The weather satellite transmissions are on 5 channels for HRPT or 10 channels for CHRPT. The NOAA satellites have a resolution capability of 1.1 km.
Satellite Status
NOAA Polar Satellites transmitting HRPT Weather images
Satellite Name Frequency
NOAA-15 1702.5 MHz
NOAA-16 1702.5 MHz
NOAA-17 1698.0 MHz
NOAA-18 1707.0 MHz
NOAA-19 1698.0 MHz
NOAA Geostationary Satellites transmitting HRPT Weather images
Satellite Name Frequency
GOES-12 (GOES-East)
1685.7 MHz
GOES-11 (GOES-West)
1685.7 MHz
EUMETSAT Polar Satellite transmitting AHRPT Weather images
Satellite Name Frequency
Metop-A 1701.3 MHz
The Chinese Polar Satellite transmitting CHRPT Weather images
Satellite Name Frequency
Feng Yun FY-1D 1700.5 MHz (1700.4 MHz actual)
The Chinese Geostationary Satellites transmitting CHRPT weather images
Satellite Name Frequency
Feng Yun FY-2D
?
Feng Yun FY-2E
?
Notes and references
1. ^ http://noaasis.noaa.gov/NOAASIS/ml/avhrr.html
2. ^ http://www.scanex.ru/en/stations/default.asp?submenu=alice&id=specifications
3. ^ http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/pod-guide/ncdc/docs/klm/html/c4/sec4-1.htm
4. ^ http://www.eumetsat.int/idcplg?IdcService=GET_FILE&dDocName=PDF_ASPI_0674_EPS_CGS-US-SP&RevisionSelectionMethod=LatestReleased
5. ^ http://www.time-step.com/products_hrpt.htm
6. ^ http://www.satsignal.eu/software/dwdhrptviewer.1.1.0.zip
7. ^ http://www.rig.org.uk/reception.htm
8. ^ http://www.space.cetin.net.cn/docs/ht0105/ht010502.htm
9. ^ http://noaasis.noaa.gov/NOAASIS/ml/status.html
10. ^ http://www.ghcc.msfc.nasa.gov/goesprod/
11. ^ http://homepage.ntlworld.com/phqfh1/status.htm
12. ^ http://www.oso.noaa.gov/goesstatus/spacecraftStatusSummary.asp?spacecraft=11
13. ^ http://homepage.ntlworld.com/phqfh1/status.htm
14. ^ http://www.eumetsat.int/idcplg?IdcService=GET_FILE&dDocName=pdf_td18_metop
15. ^ http://directory.eoportal.org/presentations/7148/10061.html
16. ^ http://satellite.cma.gov.cn/eng/
17. ^ http://nsmc.cma.gov.cn/item/center_news_tip2009.asp?number=20091124191539
NOAA 18 Spacecraft Status Summary
________________________________________
Spacecraft Mission Data
Spacecraft Letter: N International Designation: 2005018A Catalog Number: 28654
Launch Date: 05/20/2005 Operational Date: 08/30/2005 Operational Status: PM Secondary
Notes: JD 230/2010 - During a pass @ 18:16z the NOAA-18's MHS was commanded back to Scan mode.
GAC: YES HRPT: Yes STX-3/HSB 1707.0 MHz
LAC: YES APT: Yes VTX-2 137.9125 MHz
LTAN: 14:03:20 Inclination Angle: 98.74(Deg) Altitude: 854(Km)
Precession Rate: +1.6(min/month) Period: 102.12(minutes)
本帖最後由 VR2UIO 於 8-12-2010 04:11 PM 編輯
Partial image from NOAA18 on 2010 Dec 03 at 13:45
氣象衛星
氣象和人類的生存密切相關。一場暴雨或一次颱風沒有及時預報，就會摧毀一年的收成，甚至危及人們的生命。航行的船艦和飛機，沒有氣象預報的保證，後果更是不堪設想。
我國勞動人民從生產鬥爭的實踐中，很早就學會了從觀天察地中來推測未來天氣變化的本領。以後，氣球和無線電探測儀器的出現，特別是現代的氣象火箭把氣象儀器送到了幾百公里的高空，使氣象觀測前進了一大步。但是，無論用氣球、無線電設備，還是用氣象火箭進行氣象觀測，都有局限性。例如，氣球只能探測低空的氣象狀況；氣象火箭只能得到一個地區短時間的氣象資料。此外，用氣球或氣象火箭進行氣象觀測還受到地理條件的限制，許多人跡未到的地方的氣象很難進行探測。
氣象衛星的出現就彌補了上面所說的這些氣象觀測方法的不足。近地氣象衛星離地面的高度一般在800公里左右。氣象衛星上裝有電視攝像機。它能夠拍攝全球的雲圖。以前，我們只能從下往上拍攝雲圖，由於上層雲被下層雲遮住，所以往往拍攝不到上層雲。有了氣象衛星，就可以從上往下拍攝雲圖。
氣象衛星上還裝有掃描輻射計。掃描輻射計的探頭，能敏感地探到一定波段的電磁輻射。當它對雲層和大氣掃描時，就能記下雲層和大氣在各個波段可見光、紅外、微波的輻射強度，轉變成電信號以後，通過無線電波發送給地面。地面站接收以後，經過電腦處理，就可以得到雲的形狀、雲頂高度，大氣溫度和濕度，海面溫度和冰雹覆蓋面積等。
把氣象衛星獲得的氣象資料跟其他探測方法獲得的氣象資料一起進行綜合分析後，就可以準確地預報天氣。
自1960年美發射"泰羅斯1號"第一顆氣象衛星以來，世界上發射了許多類型的氣象衛星，至今，美國和蘇聯已經發射了100多顆氣象衛星。
70'年代中期，根據世界氣象組織和國際科學協會制定的"全球大氣研究計畫"，由美國、歐洲、日本和蘇聯發射各種氣象衛星，組成全球氣象衛星觀測網。觀測網由五顆地球同步軌道氣象衛星和兩顆離地面800∼900公里高度的極軌道氣象衛星組成。5顆地球同步軌道氣象衛星的位置為 0。、東經140°和70°、西經75°和135°，分別由歐洲空間局、日本和美國發射。
1977年發射的位於東經140"赤道上空的日本靜止氣象衛星能觀測從東經8°到西經 160°，南、北緯各 5°的廣大地區，包括太平洋、印度洋東部、東亞大陸和大洋洲。我國也在日本靜止氣象衛星的觀測範圍內。我國已經研製成接收裝置，接收日本靜止氣象衛星的雲圖，用於我國的天氣預報。
日本發射第一顆靜止氣象衛星以後，又相繼發射了3顆靜止氣象衛星，其中1984和1989年發射的兩顆衛星目前正在工作中。兩顆衛星的品質分別為304公斤和325公斤。
我國於1988年9月首次發射太陽同步軌道試驗氣象衛星"風雲一號"。"風雲一號"衛星軌道高度900公里，軌道傾角99°，衛星品質為 750公斤，星體呈盒子形，高回1.76米。星體兩側各有一塊太陽電池翼，翼展寬8.6米。太陽電池翼上共貼有 2 X 2平方釐米的矽太陽電池 14256片。衛星上裝有可見光和紅外輻射計，工作夜 5個波段，其中1個波段為紅外，其餘4個波段均在可見光範圍內。可以日夜觀測雲層、陸地和海面溫度等。輻射計獲得的圖像地面中心解析度為1.l公里，邊緣解析度4公里。之後，又成功發射了風雲二號氣象衛星。
氣象衛星
本帖最後由 VR2UIO 於 8-12-2010 04:22 PM 編輯
Partial image from NOAA19 on 2010 Dec 08 at 13:28
VR2UIO 在東莞用手持機接收 NOAA-18 氣象衛星訊息
2011 Jan 01 元旦日 接收到 NOAA-19, NOAA-18, NOAA-15 氣象衛星訊號，
可以看見本港及鄰近地區的氣象變化。
單兵操作架台設備：
1. 可折叠便携 VHF 及 UFH 天綫和支架
2. DIY 背包膠箱內置IC706MKIIG
3. Notebook 電腦
